This product is the dried root and rhizome of the Asteraceae plant Aster tataricus L. f. It is harvested in spring and autumn, with the jointed rhizomes (commonly known as "mother roots") and dirt removed, then braided and dried, or directly dried.
NMM ID | nmm-01wp |
Systematic Name | Aster tataricus Rhizome and Root |
Systematic Chinese Name | 紫菀根茎与根（zǐ wǎn gēn jīng yǔ gēn） |
Generic Name | Zi-wan |
Generic Chinese Name | 紫菀（zǐ wǎn） |
NMM Type | plant |
Species Origins | Aster tataricus | 紫菀 |
Medicinal Parts | rhizome | 根茎androot | 根 |
Special Descriptions | |
Processing Methods | |
Systematic Name Explanation | This product is the dried root and rhizome of the Asteraceae plant Aster tataricus L. f. It is harvested in spring and autumn, with the jointed rhizomes (commonly known as "mother roots") and dirt removed, then braided and dried, or directly dried. |
Generic Name Explanation | NMMGN follows the Chinese name of the relevant Chinese medicinal materials in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia: 2020 edition: Volume I. |
Parent NMM | |
Child NMMs | |
Creators | |
Reviewers |
紫菀
English text reference: Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2020 Edition)
Overview
Aster Root and Rhizome is the dried root and rhizome of Aster tataricus L. f. (Fam. Compositae). It is collected in spring and autumn, removed from the rhizome with nodes (known as "mother root") and impurities, and dried in braids or directly in the sun.
Description
Rhizomes irregularly shaped, various in size, with remnants of stems and leaves at the top; texture slightly hard. Rhizomes clustered with numerous fine roots, 3-15cm long, 0.1-0.3cm in diameter, often braided; surface purple-red or grayish-red, with longitudinal wrinkles; texture relatively soft and flexible. Odour, slightly fragrant; taste, sweet and slightly bitter.
Identification
（1）The transverse section of the rhizome: epidermal cells mostly shriveled or sometimes detached, containing purple-red pigments. Subepidermal cells in one row, slightly elongated tangentially, with slightly thickened side walls and inner walls, some containing purple-red pigments. Cortex wide, with intercellular spaces; 4-6 secretory ducts located on the inner side of the cortex; endodermis distinct. Pith small, wood slightly polygonal; phloem bundles located between the arcs of the wood; usually with pith in the center.
Rhizome epidermis with glandular hairs, cortex scattered with stone cells and thick-walled cells. Thin-walled cells in roots and rhizomes contain inulin, and some contain clusters of calcium oxalate crystals.
（2）Take 1g of the powder, add 25ml of methanol, treat with ultrasound for 30 minutes, filter, evaporate the filtrate to dryness, dissolve the residue in 1ml of ethyl acetate as the test solution. Take asterone CRS, dissolve in ethyl acetate to produce a solution containing 1mg per ml as the Reference solution. Carry out the method for thin layer chromatography<0502>, using silica gel G as the coating substance and a mixture of petroleum ether(60-90°C)and ethyl acetate(9:1)as the mobile phase. Apply separately to the plate 3μl of each of the above two solutions. After developing and removal of the plate,dry in air. Spray with a 10% solution of sulfuric acid in ethanol, heat at 105°C to the spots clear. Examine under daylight and ultraviolet light at 365nm. The spots or fluorescent spots in the chromatogram obtained with the test solution correspond in position and colour to the spots in the chromatogram obtained with the Reference solution.
Examination
Water
Not more than 15.0 per cent <0832,method 2>.
Total ash
Not more than 15.0 per cent <2302>.
Acid-insoluble ash
Not more than 8.0 per cent <2302>.
Extractives
Carry out the method for determination of water-soluble Extractives <2201,the hot maceration method>, not less than 45.0 per cent.
Content determination
Carry out the method for determination of content by high performance liquid chromatography <0512>.
Chromatographic conditions and system suitability test
Use octadecylsilane-bonded silica gel as the filler; use acetonitrile-water (96:4) as the mobile phase; detect at a wavelength of 200nm; column temperature 40°C. The theoretical plate number calculated based on the peak of artemisinin should not be less than 3500.
Preparation of reference solution
Take an appropriate amount of artemisinin reference substance, accurately weigh, add acetonitrile to make a solution containing 0.1mg per ml.
Preparation of test solution
Take about 1g of the powder of this product (passed through a No. 3 sieve), accurately weigh, place it in a stoppered conical flask, accurately add 20ml of methanol, weigh, immerse at 40°C for 1 hour, ultrasonicate (power 250W, frequency 40kHz) for 15 minutes, take out, cool, weigh again, make up the lost weight with methanol, shake well, filter, and take the filtrate.
Determination method
Accurately take 20μl of the reference solution and the test solution, respectively, inject into the liquid chromatograph, and determine.
Calculated on the dried product, the content of artemisinin (C30H50O) should not be less than 0.15%.
Prepared slices
Artemisia annua
Processing
Remove impurities, wash, slightly moisten, cut into thick slices or sections, and dry.
Description
This product is irregular thick slices or segments. The outer epidermis of the root is purplish-red or grayish-red with longitudinal wrinkles. The cut surface is pale brown with a brownish-yellow wooden core in the center. The gas is slightly fragrant, sweet and slightly bitter.
Identification
Same as the crude drug.
Examination
Water
Same as the crude drug.
Extractives
Same as the crude drug.
Content determination
Same as the crude drug.
Honey-fried Artemisia annua
Processing
Take the slices of Artemisia annua (sections), fry them according to the method of honey-fried <0213> until they are not sticky.
Description
This product is similar to the slices of Artemisia annua (sections), with a brownish or purplish-brown surface. It has a honey aroma and a sweet taste.
Examination
Water
Same as the crude drug. Not more than 16.0 per cent.
Content determination
Same as the crude drug, the content of artemisinin (C30H50O) should not be less than 0.10%.
Identification
Same as the crude drug.
Property
Warm.
Flavor
Pungent and bitter.
Meridian tropism
Lung meridian.
Actions
Nourish the lungs and descend qi, resolve phlegm and stop coughing.
Indications
Used for cough with abundant phlegm, acute or chronic cough, and cough with blood due to lung deficiency.
Dosage
5-10g.
Administration
None.
Storage
Store in a cool and dry place, protected from moisture.
紫菀
Text reference: Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2015 Edition)
Overview
Tatarian Aster Root is the dried root and rhizome of Aster tataricus L. f. (Fam. Compositae). The drug is collected in spring or autumn, removed from the knotty rhizome and soil, braided and dried in the sun, or dried in the sun directly.
Description
Rhizomes in irregular masses, varying in size, apex with remains of stems and leaves. Texture slightly hard. Numerous rootlets fasciculated on rhizomes, 3-15 cm long, 0.1-0.3 cm in diameter, frequently braided; externally purplish-red or greyish-red, with longitudinal wrinkles. Texture flexible. Odour, slightly aromatic ； taste, sweet and slightly bitter.
Identification
根茎表皮有腺毛，皮层散有石细胞和厚壁细胞。根和根茎薄壁细胞含菊糖，有的含草酸钙簇晶。
Examination
Water
Not more than 15.0 per cent <0832, method 2>.
Total ash
Not more than 15.0 per cent <2302>.
Acid-insoluble ash
Not more than 8.0 per cent <2302>.
Extractives
Carry out the method for determination of water-soluble extractives <2201 , the hot extraction method >, not less than 45.0 per cent.
Assay
Carry out the method for high performance liquid chromatography<0512>.
以十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶为填充剂；以乙腈-水（96：4）为流动相；检测波长为200nm；柱温40℃。理论板数按紫菀酮峰计算应不低于3500。
Prepared slices
Tatarian Aster
Processing
Eliminate foreign matter, wash clean, soften briefly, cut into thick slices, and dry.
In irregular thick slices or sections. Root externally purplish-red or greyish-red, with longitudinal wrinkles. Cut surface pale brown, with a brownish-yellow wood part in centre. Odour, slightly aromatic； taste, sweet and slightly bitter.
Asteris Radix (stir-baked 'with honey )
Stir-bake the slices of Asteris Radix as described under the method of stir- baking with honey<0213>until no more sticky to fingers.
The shape similar to the slices or sections, externally brown or purplish-brown. With honey aromatic odour； taste, sweet.
Examination
Water
Same as the crude drug, not more than 16.0 per cent.
Assay
Same as the crude drug, it contains not less than 0.10 per cent of shionone (C30H50O).
Identification
Same as the crude drug.
Property and Flavor
Warm； pungent, bitter. Meridian tropism Lung meridian.
Actions
To moisten the lung, direct qi downward, resolve phlegm and suppress cough. Indications Profuse sputum, wheezing, acute or chronic cough, and cough in consumptive disease with hemo-ptysis.
Administration and dosage
5-10 g.
Storage
Preserve in a cool and dry place, and protect from moisture.
This product is the dried root and rhizome of the Asteraceae plant Aster tataricus L. f. It is harvested in spring and autumn, with the jointed rhizomes (commonly known as "mother roots") and dirt removed, then braided and dried, or directly dried.