Generally growing above the ground, it is an axial structure connecting leaves and roots. Leaves, flowers, and fruits grow on it, making it one of the nutritional organs of the plant.
一般生长在地面以上，连接叶和根的轴状结构。其上着生叶、花和果实，是植物的营养器官之一。

Stem with leaves.
带叶的茎。

Stem portions bearing flowers are used medicinally.
带花的茎段采收入药。

Stems are used together with their leaves and flowers.
茎连同叶与花一并作为药用部位。

Young stems that are not yet woody are used medicinally.
尚未木质化或处于早期的茎入药。

Old stems that are thicker and tougher are used as the medicinal part.
生长多年而较粗硬的老茎入药。

Tender stem segments are harvested for medicinal use.
质地鲜嫩的茎段采收入药。

Tender stems are used together with their leaves.
带叶的嫩茎一并入药。

The aboveground stem is used as the medicinal part.
植物地上部分的茎作为药用部位。

The stem tip or apical growing point.
茎的顶端嫩梢或生长点。

Block-shaped stem.
块状的茎。

Hairs or pubescence from the basal part of the stem are used.
茎基部的毛被或毛状组织入药。

Middle layer of the stem.
茎的中间层。

Flower clusters with stems.
带茎的花序。

The outer peel or epidermal layer of a stem.
茎表面的外皮或表皮层。

A stem node where leaves and lateral branches arise.
茎上的节部，为叶与侧枝着生的位置。

Juice obtained from stems.
从茎部获得的汁液。

Juice exuded from or pressed out of young stems.
取幼嫩茎部渗出或榨取的汁液。

Juice that exudes after stems are heated or roasted.
茎经火烤后渗出的汁液。

Latex that exudes from cuts in the stem.
从茎切割处流出的乳汁。