Jing-bai-niu-xi: Bai-niu-xi processed by cleaning.
净白牛膝:净制白牛膝

Efficacy and Functions 功效作用

Promoting blood circulation to remove blood stasis, promoting urination to clear turbidity, detoxifying and reducing swelling.
活血化瘀，通淋泄浊，解毒消肿。

Indications 主治

Blood stasis causing painful menstruation, amenorrhea, irregular menstruation, masses and lumps, hot dysuria, hematuria, leukorrhea, leukorrhea, obstruction syndrome, meridian spasm, trauma, carbuncle and sores, mastitis, and diphtheria.
血瘀痛经、经闭、倒经，癥瘕结块，热淋，血淋，白浊，白带，痹证，经脉拘挛，跌打损伤，痈肿疮毒，乳蛾，白喉。

Dosage and Administration 用法用量

Internal use: Decoction, 15-30g, can be used in high doses up to 60g. External use: Boil the whole herb in water for washing; or grind and apply as a poultice.
内服：煎汤，15-30g，大剂量可用至60g。外用：全草煎水洗；或捣敷。

Precautions 注意事项

"Dian Nan Ben Cao": "Pregnant women should avoid taking it, as it may cause miscarriage due to its properties."
《滇南本草》：“有孕者忌服，其性能坠胎故也。”

Chemical Components 化学成分

BrachysteminA is isolated from the root.
从根中分得brachysteminA。

Relevant Discussion 相关论述

2、《广西本草选编》：“清热解毒，舒筋活络。根：治白喉，风湿痹痛，跌打损伤，月经不调，病后虚弱；茎、叶：外用治手足痉挛，骨折。”
1、《滇南本草》：“补肝，行血，破瘀块，凉血热。治月经闭涩，腹痛，产后发热，虚烧蓐劳，室女逆经，衄、呕、吐血，红崩白带，尿急淋沥。寒湿气盛，筋骨疼痛，强筋舒筋，攻疮痈热毒红肿，炸腮乳蛾，男子血淋，赤白便浊，妇人赤白带下。”

1. "Dian Nan Ben Cao": "Tonify the liver, promote blood circulation, break up blood stasis, and cool blood heat. Used for treating menstrual irregularities, abdominal pain, postpartum fever, deficiency heat exhaustion, retrograde menstruation in virgins, bleeding, vomiting, hematemesis, hemorrhage, leukorrhea, and frequent urination. Also effective for treating cold and dampness with joint and bone pain, strengthening tendons, dispersing abscesses, and reducing redness and swelling caused by toxic heat. Can be used for treating mumps, mastitis, hematuria in men, turbid stools with blood, and abnormal vaginal discharge in women."
2. "Selected Compilation of Guangxi Materia Medica": "Clears heat, detoxifies, relaxes tendons, and activates collaterals. The roots are used to treat diphtheria, rheumatic pain, bruises, irregular menstruation, and post-illness weakness. The stems and leaves are externally applied to treat spasms in the hands and feet, as well as fractures."

Clinical Applications 临床应用

2、治妇人肝肾虚损，任督二脉亏伤，不能孕育，白带淋沥等症：白牛膝三钱，小公鸡一只（去肠），将药入鸡内，亦可入盐，煨烂。空心服之，每月经行后服一次，即有孕矣。若不食鸡者，单用白牛膝三钱煎汤，点水酒服，亦可也。（1、2方出自《滇南本草》）
1、治肝家虚热，或筋骨发热，午后怯冷，夜间作烧，四肢酸软，饮食无味，虚汗不止：白牛膝二钱，地骨皮二钱。水煎，点童便、水酒服。

1. For treating liver deficiency heat, or heat in the tendons and bones, feeling cold in the afternoon, fever at night, soreness and weakness in the limbs, loss of appetite, and continuous sweating due to deficiency: Take two qian of Achyranthes bidentata and two qian of Dipsacus asperoides. Decoct in water, and take with children's feces and watered wine.
2. For treating liver and kidney deficiency in women, damage to the Ren and Du meridians, infertility, excessive leukorrhea, and other symptoms: Take three qian of Achyranthes bidentata and one small rooster (remove the intestines). Put the herbs into the rooster, or mix with salt and simmer until soft. Take on an empty stomach, once after each menstrual cycle, and pregnancy will be achieved. If not consuming chicken, simply decoct three qian of Achyranthes bidentata in water and wine for consumption. (The first and second prescriptions are from "Yunnan Materia Medica.")
3. For treating bruises and injuries: Decoct the whole plant of Achyranthes bidentata with pig bones for consumption, and also apply a wine-soaked compress to the affected area. (From "Compilation of Guangxi National Medicine.")
4. For treating diphtheria: Take 60g of the roots of Hedyotis diffusa. Decoct in water for consumption. (From "Selected Compilation of Guangxi Materia Medica.")

Processing and Preparation 加工炮制

Harvest from July to October and dry in the sun.
采收加工：7-10月采收，晒干。

Botanical Information 植物学信息

The plant species is Hedyotis brevipedunculata, belonging to the Rubiaceae family.
植物种属：石竹科短瓣花属植物短瓣花。

Morphological Characteristics 形态特征

An annual spreading herb. The stem climbs on shrubs, reaching up to 2 meters in height, often with 4 ridges, occasionally 6, shiny, sparsely soft-hairy in the upper part, and hairless in the lower part. Leaves are opposite; petioles are 2–6 cm long; leaf blades are ovate-lanceolate to broadly lanceolate, 3.5–7.5 cm long, acute at the apex, rounded or gradually narrowed to a petiole at the base, with entire margins. The cymose inflorescence is terminal, arranged in a panicle-like shape; sepals are 5, narrowly ovate, nearly membranous, semi-transparent, with 5 veins; petals are 5, white, lanceolate, entire; stamens are 10, with 5 opposite the petals being rudimentary, filaments broad and fused at the base; ovary is globose, glabrous, styles 2, filiform, with long stigmas. Capsule is globose, shorter than the persistent calyx, dehiscing into 4 valves, containing 1 seed. Seed is large, reniform-spherical, with protuberances.
一年生披散草本。茎攀缘在灌木上，高达2m，常有4棱，偶有6棱，光亮，上部疏生柔毛，下部无毛。单叶对生；叶柄长2-6cm；叶片卵状披针形至宽披针形，长3.5-7.5cm，先端尖，基部圆形或渐狭成柄，全缘。聚伞花序顶生，排成圆锥状；花萼片5，狭卵形，近膜质，半透明，有5脉；花瓣5，白色，披针形，全缘；雄蕊10，和花瓣对生的5枚退化，花丝基部宽且合生；子房球形，无毛，花柱2，丝形，有长柱头。蒴果球形，比宿存萼片短，4瓣裂，具1种子。种子大，肾状球形，有突起。

Distribution Area 分布区域

Distributed in Guangxi, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan, and Tibet.
分布于广西、四川、贵州、云南、西藏。

Growing Environment 生长环境

Found on the edges of mountain forests at altitudes below 2700 meters.
生于海拔2700m以下的山地林缘。