磁石

English text reference: Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2020 Edition)
中文文本参考：《中国药典（2020年版）》

Overview 概述

Magnetite is the oxide mineral of the spinel group, mainly composed of ferrous ferric oxide (Fe3O4). After mining, it is purified by removing impurities.
本品为氧化物类矿物尖晶石族磁铁矿，主含四氧化三铁（Fe3O4）。采挖后，除去杂石。

Description 性状

Magnetite is a block-like aggregate, irregularly shaped or slightly square, often with edges and corners. It is gray-black or brownish-black, with a black streak and metallic luster. It is heavy, hard, and has an uneven fracture. It is magnetic and has an earthy odor and a mild taste.
本品为块状集合体，呈不规则块状，或略带方形，多具棱角。灰黑色或棕褐色，条痕黑色，具金属光泽。体重，质坚硬，断面不整齐。具磁性。有土腥气，味淡。

Identification 鉴别

Take about 0.1g of the powder, add 2ml of hydrochloric acid, shake and let it stand. The clear liquid shows the identification reaction of iron salt (General Rule 0301).
取本品粉末约0.1g，加盐酸2ml，振摇，静置。上清液显铁盐的鉴别反应（通则0301）。

Content Determination 含量测定

Take about 0.25g of the fine powder, accurately weigh it, place it in a conical flask, add 15ml of hydrochloric acid and 3ml of 25% potassium fluoride solution, cover with a surface dish, heat to a slight boil, add 6% stannous chloride solution dropwise, shake continuously, wait for complete decomposition, leaving only white residue at the bottom of the bottle, remove it, rinse the surface dish and the inner wall of the bottle with a small amount of water, and while it is still hot, add 6% stannous chloride solution dropwise until it appears light yellow (if stannous chloride is excessive, dropwise add potassium permanganate solution until it appears light yellow), add 100ml of water and 15 drops of 25% sodium tungstate solution, and dropwise add 1% titanium trichloride solution until it appears blue, then carefully add potassium dichromate titration solution (0.01667mol/L) until the blue color just fades away, immediately add 10ml of sulfuric acid-phosphoric acid-water (2:3:5) and 5 drops of sodium diphenylamine sulfonate indicator solution, and titrate with potassium dichromate titration solution (0.01667mol/L) until the solution appears stable blue-purple. Each 1ml of potassium dichromate titration solution (0.01667mol/L) is equivalent to 5.585mg of iron (Fe).
取本品细粉约0.25g，精密称定，置锥形瓶中，加盐酸15ml与25%氟化钾溶液3ml，盖上表面皿，加热至微沸，滴加6%氯化亚锡溶液，不断摇动，待分解完全，瓶底仅留白色残渣时，取下，用少量水冲洗表面皿及瓶内壁，趁热滴加6%氯化亚锡溶液至显浅黄色（如氯化亚锡加过量，可滴加高锰酸钾试液至显浅黄色），加水100ml与25%钨酸钠溶液15滴，并滴加1%三氯化钛溶液至显蓝色，再小心滴加重铬酸钾滴定液（0.01667mol/L）至蓝色刚好褪尽，立即加硫酸-磷酸-水（2∶3∶5）10ml与二苯胺磺酸钠指示液5滴，用重铬酸钾滴定液（0.01667mol/L）滴定至溶液显稳定的蓝紫色。每1ml重铬酸钾滴定液（0.01667mol/L）相当于5.585mg的铁（Fe）。

The iron (Fe) content in magnetite should not be less than 50.0%.
本品含铁（Fe）不得少于50.0%。

Prepared Slices 饮片

Magnetite 磁石

Processing 炮制

Remove impurities and crush.
除去杂质，砸碎。

Description 性状

Magnetite prepared slices are irregular fragments. They are gray-black or brownish-black, with a black streak and metallic luster. They are hard in texture, magnetic, and have an earthy odor and a mild taste.
本品为不规则的碎块。灰黑色或褐色，条痕黑色，具金属光泽。质坚硬。具磁性。有土腥气，味淡。

Identification 鉴别

Same as the crude drug.
同药材。

Content Determination 含量测定

Same as the crude drug.
同药材。

Calcined Magnetite 煅磁石

Processing 炮制

Take clean magnetite blocks, calcine them according to the calcination and quenching method (General Rule 0213) until they are red and translucent, quench with vinegar, and grind into coarse powder.
取净磁石块，照煅淬法（通则0213）煅至红透，醋淬，碾成粗粉。

Vinegar 30 kg per 100 kg magnet.
每100kg 磁石，用醋30kg 。

Description 性状

Calcined magnetite is irregular fragments or particles. The surface is black. It is hard and brittle in texture. It is non-magnetic. It has a vinegar aroma.
本品为不规则的碎块或颗粒。表面黑色。质硬而酥。无磁性。有醋香气。

Content Determination 含量测定

Same as the crude drug. The iron (Fe) content should not be less than 45.0%.
同药材，含铁（Fe）不得少于45.0%。

Identification 鉴别

Same as the crude drug.
同药材。

Property 性

cold.
寒。

Flavor 味

salty.
咸。

Meridian tropism 归经

It enters the Liver, Heart, and Kidney meridians.
归肝、心、肾经。

Actions 功能

It calms the mind, soothes the Liver and suppresses Yang, sharpens the hearing and improves vision, and regulates Qi and relieves asthma.
镇惊安神，平肝潜阳，聪耳明目，纳气平喘。

Indications 主治

It is used for palpitations and insomnia, dizziness and vertigo, blurred vision, tinnitus and deafness, and deficiency of the Kidney with Qi wheezing.
用于惊悸失眠，头晕目眩，视物昏花，耳鸣耳聋，肾虚气喘。

Dosage 用量

9-30g.
9～30g。

Administration 用法

decoct first.
先煎。

Storage 贮藏

Store in a dry place.
置干燥处。

磁石

Text reference: Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2015 Edition)
文本参考：《中国药典（2015年版）》

Overview 概述

Magnetite is a mineral of oxides of spinel group, containing mainly ferroferric oxide(FeO).The drug is collected, removed from foreign matter.
本品为氧化物类矿物尖晶石族磁铁矿，主含四氧化三铁（Fe3O4）。采挖后，除去杂石。

Description 性状

Aggregates of masses, in irregular masses, or slightly subsquare, frequently with angularities.Greyish-black or brown; streak black, with lustre of metal.Texture hard and heavy, fracture uneven.Magnetic.Odour, earthy; tasteless.
本品为块状集合体，呈不规则块状，或略带方形，多具棱角。灰黑色或棕褐色，条痕黑色，具金属光泽。体重，质坚硬，断面不整齐。具磁性。有土腥气，味淡。

Identification 鉴别

To 0.1 g of the powder add 2 ml of hydrochloric acid, shake, allow to stand.The supernatant yields the reactions characteristic of ferric and ferrous salts〈0301〉.
取本品粉末约0.1g，加盐酸2ml，振摇，静置。上清液显铁盐的鉴别反应（通则0301）。

Assay 含量测定

本品含铁（Fe）不得少于50.0%。
取本品细粉约0.25g，精密称定，置锥形瓶中，加盐酸15ml与25%氟化钾溶液3ml，盖上表面皿，加热至微沸，滴加6%氯化亚锡溶液，不断摇动，待分解完全，瓶底仅留白色残渣时，取下，用少量水冲洗表面皿及瓶内壁，趁热滴加6%氯化亚锡溶液至显浅黄色（如氯化亚锡加过量，可滴加高锰酸钾试液至显浅黄色），加水100ml与25%钨酸钠溶液15滴，并滴加1%三氯化钛溶液至显蓝色，再小心滴加重铬酸钾滴定液（0.01667mol/L）至蓝色刚好褪尽，立即加硫酸-磷酸-水（2：3：5）10ml与二苯胺磺酸钠指示液5滴，用重铬酸钾滴定液（0.01667mol/L）滴定至溶液显稳定的蓝紫色。每1ml重铬酸钾滴定液（0.01667mol/L）相当于5.585mg的铁（Fe）。

Prepared slices 饮片

Magnetite 磁石

Processing 炮制

Magnetitum Eliminate foreign matter, pound to pieces.
磁石 除去杂质，砸碎。

In irregular masses, greyish-black or brown, streak black, with luster of metal. Texture hard and heavy. Magnetic. Odour, earthy; tasteless.
本品为不规则的碎块。灰黑色或褐色，条痕黑色，具金属光泽。质坚硬。具磁性。有土腥气，味淡。

Identification 鉴别

【Assay】As required for the crude drug.
【含量测定】同药材。

Magnetitum (calcined) 煅磁石

Calcine the clean Magnetitum as described under the method for calcining and quenching 〈0213〉 to red thoroughly, quench with vinegar and grind to coarse powder, using 30 kg of vinegar per 100 kg of Magnetitum.
取净磁石块，照煅淬法（通则0213）煅至红透，醋淬，碾成粗粉。

In irregular masses or granules, externally black. Texture hard and crisp, non-magnetic. Odour, vinger aromatic.
每100kg磁石，用醋30kg。

Identification 鉴别

【Assay】As required for the crude drug. It contains not less the than 45.0 per cent of Iron (Fe), following the method for the crude drug.
【含量测定】同药材，含铁（Fe）不得少于45.0%。

Property and Flavor 性味与归经

Cold; salty. Liver, heart and kidney meridians.
咸，寒。归肝、心、肾经。

Actions and Indications 功能与主治

To settle fright, tranquilize the mind, pacify the liver, subdue yang, improve audition and vision, absorb qi, and relieve wheezing. Fright palpitations, insomnia, diziness, vertigo, blurry vision, tinnitus, deafness, wheezing caused by kidney deficiency.
镇惊安神，平肝潜阳，聪耳明目，纳气平喘。用于惊悸失眠，头晕目眩，视物昏花，耳鸣耳聋，肾虚气喘。

Administration and dosage 用法与用量

9-30 g.It should be decocted first.
9～30g，先煎。

Storage 贮藏

Preserve in a dry place.
置干燥处。