This product is the dried root bark or bark of the Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle, a plant from the Simaroubaceae family. It can be peeled off and dried throughout the year, or the rough bark can be scraped off and dried.
根据《中国药典·2020年版·一部》记载：本品为苦木科植物臭椿Ailanthus altissima(Mill.) Swingle的干燥根皮或干皮。全年均可剥取，晒干，或刮去粗皮晒干。
NMM ID | nmm-01yu |
Systematic Name | Ailanthus altissima Bark-root or Bark-trunk |
Systematic Chinese Name | 臭椿根皮或干皮（chòu chūn gēn pí huò gàn pí） |
Generic Name | Chun-pi |
Generic Chinese Name | 椿皮（chūn pí） |
NMM Type | plant |
Species Origins | Ailanthus altissima | 臭椿 |
Medicinal Parts | bark root | 根皮orbark trunk | 干皮 |
Special Descriptions | |
Processing Methods | |
Systematic Name Explanation | This product is the dried root bark or bark of the Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle, a plant from the Simaroubaceae family. It can be peeled off and dried throughout the year, or the rough bark can be scraped off and dried. |
Generic Name Explanation | NMMGN follows the Chinese name of the relevant Chinese medicinal materials in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia: 2020 edition: Volume I. |
Parent NMM | |
Child NMMs | |
Creators | |
Reviewers |
椿皮
English text reference: Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2020 Edition)
中文文本参考：《中国药典（2020年版）》
Overview 概述
Ailanthus Bark is the dried root bark or dried bark of Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle (Fam. Simaroubaceae). It can be collected and peeled off throughout the year, dried in the shade, or scraped off the rough bark and dried.
本品为苦木科植物臭椿Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle的干燥根皮或干皮。全年均可剥取，晒干，或刮去粗皮晒干。
Description 性状
Root bark 根皮
Irregularly shaped or rolled pieces, varying in size, 0.3-1 cm thick. Outer surface grayish-yellow or yellowish-brown, rough, with numerous longitudinal corky protuberances and irregular longitudinal and transverse fissures; when the rough bark is removed, it appears yellowish-white; inner surface pale yellow, relatively flat, densely dotted with oval or punctiform lenticels. Texture hard and brittle; fracture, granular in the outer layer and fibrous in the inner layer. Odour, slight; taste, bitter.
呈不整齐的片状或卷片状，大小不一，厚0.3～1cm。外表面灰黄色或黄褐色，粗糙，有多数纵向皮孔样突起和不规则纵、横裂纹，除去粗皮者显黄白色；内表面淡黄色，较平坦，密布梭形小孔或小点。质硬而脆，断面外层颗粒性，内层纤维性。气微，味苦。
bark 干皮
Bark: Irregularly shaped plate-like pieces, varying in size, 0.5-2 cm thick. Outer surface grayish-black, extremely rough, deeply fissured.
呈不规则板片状，大小不一，厚0.5～2cm。外表面灰黑色，极粗糙，有深裂。
Identification 鉴别
(1) Powder of root bark: Pale grayish-yellow. Numerous stone cells, mostly rounded, square or irregular in shape, 24-96 μm in diameter, thick-walled, or with three thicker walls and one thinner wall, some containing calcium oxalate prisms in the cell cavity. Fibres 20-40 μm in diameter, with extremely thick walls, lignified. Calcium oxalate prisms 11-48 μm in diameter; cluster crystals up to about 48 μm in diameter. Starch grains mostly spheroidal or ellipsoidal, 3-13 μm in diameter.
（1）本品根皮粉末淡灰黄色。石细胞甚多，类圆形、类方形或形状不规则，直径24～96μm，壁厚，或三面较厚，一面较薄，有的胞腔内含草酸钙方晶。纤维直径20～40μm，壁极厚，木化。草酸钙方晶直径11～48μm；簇晶直径约至48μm。淀粉粒类球形或卵圆形，直径3～13μm。
Powder of bark: Grayish-yellow. Numerous fragments of cork cells, occasional calcium oxalate cluster crystals, no starch grains.
干皮粉末灰黄色。木栓细胞碎片较多，草酸钙簇晶偶见，无淀粉粒。
(2) To 2 g of the powder add 20 ml of ether, treat with ultrasound for 15 minutes, filter, evaporate the filtrate to dryness, dissolve the residue in 1 ml of ethanol as the test solution. Prepare a solution of the reference material of Ailanthus Bark in the same manner as the test solution. Carry out the method for thin layer chromatography<0502>, using silica gel G as the coating substance and a mixture of petroleum ether (60-90°C) and ethyl acetate (4:1) as the mobile phase. Apply separately to the plate 10 μl of each of the above two solutions. After developing and removal of the plate, dry in air. Examine under ultraviolet light at 365 nm. The fluorescent spot in the chromatogram obtained with the test solution corresponds in position and colour to the spot in the chromatogram obtained with the reference material.
（2）取本品粉末2g，加乙醚20ml，超声处理15分钟，滤过，滤液挥干，残渣加乙醇1ml使溶解，作为供试品溶液。另取椿皮对照药材2g，同法制成对照药材溶液。照薄层色谱法（通则0502）试验，吸取上述两种溶液各10μl，分别点于同一硅胶G薄层板上，以石油醚（60～90℃）-乙酸乙酯（4∶1）为展开剂，展开，取出，晾干，置紫外光灯（365nm）下检视。供试品色谱中，在与对照药材色谱相应的位置上，显相同颜色的荧光斑点。
Examination 检查
Water 水分
Not more than 13.0 per cent <0832,method 2>.
不得过13.0%（通则0832第二法）。
Total ash 总灰分
Not more than 11.0 per cent <2302>.
不得过11.0%（通则2302）。
Acid-insoluble ash 酸不溶性灰分
Not more than 2.0 per cent <2302>.
不得过2.0%（通则2302）。
Extractives 浸出物
Carry out the method for determination of ethanol-soluble Extractives <2201,the hot maceration method>, using diluted ethanol as the solvent,not less than 5.0 per cent.
照醇溶性浸出物测定法（通则2201）项下的热浸法测定，用稀乙醇作溶剂，不得少于5.0%。
Prepared slices 饮片
Bark of Chinese Toon 椿皮
Processing 炮制
Eliminate Foreign matter,wash clean, soften thoroughly, cut into shreds or sections, and dry in the sun.
除去杂质，洗净，润透，切丝或段，干燥。
Description 性状
This product is irregular in shape, with a thread-like or segmental appearance. The outer surface is grayish-yellow or yellowish-brown, rough, with numerous longitudinal skin-like protrusions and irregular longitudinal and transverse cracks. When the rough skin is removed, it appears yellowish-white. The inner surface is light yellow, relatively flat, and densely covered with shuttle-shaped pores or small dots. It has a slight aroma and a bitter taste.
本品呈不规则的丝条状或段状。外表面灰黄色或黄褐色，粗糙，有多数纵向皮孔样突起和不规则纵、横裂纹，除去粗皮者显黄白色。内表面淡黄色，较平坦，密布梭形小孔或小点。气微，味苦。
Examination 检查
Water 水分
Not more than 10.0 per cent.
同药材，不得过10.0%。
Total ash 总灰分
Same as the medicinal material.
同药材。
Acid-insoluble ash 酸不溶性灰分
Same as the medicinal material.
同药材。
Extractives 浸出物
Not less than 6.0 per cent <2201>.
同药材，不得少于6.0%。
Identification 鉴别
Same as the medicinal material.
同药材。
Stir-fried Bark of Chinese Toon 麸炒椿皮
Take the shredded (or sectioned) bark of Chinese Toon, stir-fry it according to the method of stir-frying with bran <0213> until it turns slightly yellow.
取椿皮丝（段），照麸炒法（通则0213）炒至微黄色。
Description 性状
This product is similar to shredded (or sectioned) bark of Chinese Toon, with a yellow or brown surface and a slight aroma.
本品形如椿皮丝（段），表面黄色或褐色，微有香气。
Examination 检查
Water 水分
Same as the medicinal material. Not more than 10.0 per cent.
同药材，不得过10.0%。
Extractives 浸出物
Same as the medicinal material. Not less than 6.0 per cent.
同药材，不得少于6.0%。
Identification 鉴别
Same as the medicinal material.
同药材。
Examination 检查
Identification (Total ash Acid-insoluble ash) same as the medicinal material.
（总灰分 酸不溶性灰分） 同药材。
Property 性
cold.
寒。
Flavor 味
Bitter and astringent.
苦、涩。
Meridian tropism 归经
Large Intestine, Stomach, and Liver meridians.
归大肠、胃、肝经。
Actions 功能
To clear heat and dry dampness, astringe and stop abnormal vaginal discharge, stop diarrhea, and stop bleeding.
清热燥湿，收涩止带，止泻，止血。
Indications 主治
Used for abnormal vaginal discharge (leukorrhea), damp-heat diarrhea, chronic diarrhea, bloody stool, and metrorrhagia and metrostaxis.
用于赤白带下，湿热泻痢，久泻久痢，便血，崩漏。
Dosage 用量
6-9 g.
6～9g。
Administration 用法
None.
无。
Storage 贮藏
Store in a well-ventilated and dry place, and protect against moth damage.
置通风干燥处，防蛀。
椿皮
Text reference: Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2015 Edition)
文本参考：《中国药典（2015年版）》
Overview 概述
Tree-of-heaven Bark is the dried root bark or stem bark of Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle (Fam. Simaroubaceae). The drug is collected all year round, dried in the sun or dried in the sun after removing the coarse bark.
本品为苦木科植物臭椿Ailanthus altissima（Mill.）Swingle的干燥根皮或干皮。全年均可剥取，晒干，或刮去粗皮晒干。
Description 性状
Root bark: Irregular pieces or quills, varying in size, 0.3-1 cm thick. Outer surface greyish-yellow or yellowish-brown, rough, with numerous longitudinal lenticel-like prominences, and irregularly transverse and longitudinal fissures; outer surface of the drug free from rough bark, yellowish-white. Inner surface pale yellow, relatively even, densely covered with small spindle-shaped holes or spots. Texture hard and fragile; fracture granular at the outer part, fibrous at the inner part. Odour, slight; taste, bitter.
根皮呈不整齐的片状或卷片状，大小不一，厚0.3～1cm。外表面灰黄色或黄褐色，粗糙，有多数纵向皮孔样突起和不规则纵、横裂纹，除去粗皮者显黄白色内表面淡黄色，较平坦，密布梭形小孔或小点。质硬而脆，断面外层颗粒性，内层纤维性。气微，味苦。
Stem bark: Irregular plates or pieces, varying in size, 0.5-2 cm thick. Outer surface greyish-black, very rough and deeply fissured.
干皮呈不规则板片状，大小不一，厚0.5～2cm。外表面灰黑色，极粗糙，有深裂。
Identification 鉴别
（2）取本品粉末2g，加乙醚20ml，超声处理15分钟，滤过，滤液挥干，残渣加乙醇1ml使溶解，作为供试品溶液。另取椿皮对照药材2g，同法制成对照药材溶液。照薄层色谱法（通则0502）试验，吸取上述两种溶液各10μl，分别点于同一硅胶G薄层板上，以石油醚（60～90℃）-乙酸乙酯（4：1）为展开剂，展开，取出，晾干，置紫外光灯（365mn）下检视。供试品色谱中，在与对照药材色谱相应的位置上，显相同颜色的荧光斑点。
（1）本品根皮粉末淡灰黄色。石细胞甚多，类圆形、类方形或形状不规则，直径24～96μm，壁厚，或三面较厚，一面较薄，有的胞腔内含草酸钙方晶。纤维直径20～40pm，壁极厚，木化。草酸钙方晶直径11～48）um；簇晶直径约至48μm。淀粉粒类球形或卵圆形，直径3～13μm。干皮粉末灰黄色。木栓细胞碎片较多，草酸钙簇晶偶见，无淀粉粒。
Examination 检查
Water 水分
Not more than 13.0 per cent <0832, method 2>.
不得过13.0%（通则0832第二法）。
Total ash 总灰分
Not more than 11.0 per cent <2302>.
不得过11.0%（通则2302）。
Acid-insoluble ash 酸不溶性灰分
Not more than 2.0 per cent <2302>.
不得过2.0%（通则2302）。
Extractives 浸出物
Carry out the method for determination of ethanol-soluble extractives <2201>, the hot extraction method, using dilute ethanol as the solvent, not less than 5.0 per cent.
照醇溶性浸出物测定法（通则2201）项下的热浸法测定，用稀乙醇作溶剂，不得少于5.0%。
Prepared slices 饮片
Tree-of-heaven Bark 椿皮
Processing 炮制
Eliminate foreign matter, wash clean, soften thoroughly, cut into slivers or sections, and dry.
除去杂质，洗净，润透，切丝或段，干燥。
Irregular slivers or sections. Outer surface greyish-yellow or yellowish-brown, rough, with numerous longitudinal lenticel-like prominences, and irregularly transverse and longitudinal fissures; outer surface of the drug free from rough bark, yellowish-white. Inner surface pale yellow, relatively even, densely covered with small spindle-shaped holes or spots. Odour, slight; taste, bitter.
本品呈不规则的丝条状或段状。外表面灰黄色或黄褐色，粗糙，有多数纵向皮孔样突起和不规则纵、横裂纹，除去粗皮者显黄白色。内表面淡黄色，较平坦，密布梭形小孔或小点。气微，味苦。
Examination 检查
Water 水分
Not more than 10.0 per cent, following the method for the crude drug.
同药材，不得过10.0%。
Extractives 浸出物
Not less than 6.0 per cent, following the method for the crude drug.
同药材，不得少于6.0%。
Identification 鉴别
As required for the crude drug.
（总灰分酸不溶性灰分）同药材。
Ailanthi Cortex (stir-baked 'with bran ) 麸炒椿皮
Stir-bake the slivers (sections) of Ailanthi Cortex as described under the method for stir-baking with bran <0213> until a slightly yellow colour is produced.
取椿皮丝（段），照麸炒法（通则0213）炒至微黄色。
As described for slivers (sections) of Ailanthi Cortex under Processing. Externally yellow or brown. Odour, slightly aromatic.
本品形如椿皮丝（段），表面黄色或褐色，微有香气。
Examination 检查
Water 水分
Not more than 10.0 per cent, following the method for the crude drug.
同药材，不得过10.0%。
Extractives 浸出物
Not less than 6.0 per cent, following the method for the crude drug.
同药材，不得少于6.0%。
Identification 鉴别
As required for the crude drug.
（总灰分酸不溶性灰分）同药材。
Property and Flavor 性味与归经
Cold; bitter, astringent. Meridian tropism: Large intestine, stomach, and liver meridians.
苦、涩，寒。归大肠、胃、肝经。
Actions and Indications 功能与主治
To clear heat, dry dampness, astringe to relieve abnormal vaginal discharge, stop diarrhea, and stanch bleeding. Indicated for red or white vaginal discharge, dampness-heat diarrhea and dysentery, chronic diarrhea, chronic dysentery, bloody stool, menstrual flooding and spotting.
清热燥湿，收涩止带，止泻，止血。用于赤白带下，湿热泻痢，久泻久痢，便血，崩漏。
Administration and Dosage 用法与用量
6-9 g.
6～9g。
Storage 贮藏
Preserve in a ventilated and dry place, and protect from moth.
置通风干燥处，防蛀。
This product is the dried root bark or bark of the Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle, a plant from the Simaroubaceae family. It can be peeled off and dried throughout the year, or the rough bark can be scraped off and dried.
本天然药材为苦木科植物臭椿Ailanthus altissima(Mill.) Swingle的干燥根皮或干皮。全年均可剥取，晒干，或刮去粗皮晒干。