自然铜

English text reference: Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2020 Edition)
中文文本参考：《中国药典（2020年版）》

Overview 概述

Pyrite is the mineral of the sulfide class, belonging to the pyrite group of the pyrite family, mainly containing iron disulfide (FeS2). After mining, remove impurities.
本品为硫化物类矿物黄铁矿族黄铁矿，主含二硫化铁（FeS2）。采挖后，除去杂石。

Description 性状

Pyrite crystals are mostly cubic, and aggregates are dense blocks. The surface is bright yellow with a metallic luster; some are yellow-brown or brownish-brown without a metallic luster. It has stripes, and the streaks are green-black or brown-red. The body is heavy, hard or slightly brittle, easy to crush, the fracture surface is yellow-white with a metallic luster; or the fracture surface is brownish-brown, and silver-white bright stars can be seen.
本品晶形多为立方体，集合体呈致密块状。表面亮淡黄色，有金属光泽；有的黄棕色或棕褐色，无金属光泽。具条纹，条痕绿黑色或棕红色。体重，质坚硬或稍脆，易砸碎，断面黄白色，有金属光泽；或断面棕褐色，可见银白色亮星。

Identification 鉴别

Take 1g of the powder, add 4ml of dilute hydrochloric acid, shake, filter, and the filtrate shows the identification reaction of ferric salt (General Rule 0301).
取本品粉末1g，加稀盐酸4ml，振摇，滤过，滤液显铁盐（通则0301）的鉴别反应。

Content Determination 含量测定

Take about 0.25g of the fine powder, accurately weigh it, place it in a porcelain crucible, ignite it at about 650°C for about 30 minutes, take it out, let it cool, transfer the calcined substance to a conical flask, add 15ml of hydrochloric acid and 3ml of 25% potassium fluoride solution, cover the surface dish, heat to a slight boil, dropwise add 6% stannous chloride solution, shake continuously, wait for complete decomposition, leaving only white residue at the bottom of the bottle, wash the surface dish and the inner wall of the bottle with a small amount of water, dropwise add 6% stannous chloride solution to a light yellow color (if there is an excess of stannous chloride, dropwise add potassium permanganate solution to a light yellow color), add 100ml of water and 15 drops of 25% sodium tungstate solution, and dropwise add 1% titanium trichloride solution to a blue color, then carefully add potassium dichromate titration solution (0.01667mol/L) until the blue color just fades, immediately add 10ml of sulfuric acid-phosphoric acid-water (2:3:5) and 10 drops of 0.5% sodium diphenylamine sulfonate solution, titrate with potassium dichromate titration solution (0.01667mol/L) until the solution shows a stable blue-purple color. Each 1ml of potassium dichromate titration solution (0.01667mol/L) is equivalent to 5.585mg of iron (Fe).
取本品细粉约0.25g，精密称定，置瓷坩埚中，在650°C灼烧约30分钟，取出，放冷，将灼烧物转移至锥形瓶中，加盐酸15ml与25%氟化钾溶液3ml，盖上表面皿，加热至微沸，滴加6%氯化亚锡溶液，不断振摇，待分解完全，瓶底仅留白色残渣时，用少量水洗涤表面皿及瓶内壁，趁热滴加6%氯化亚锡溶液至显浅黄色（如氯化亚锡过量，可滴加高锰酸钾试液至显浅黄色），加水100ml与25%钨酸钠溶液15滴，并滴加1%三氯化钛溶液至显蓝色，再小心滴加重铬酸钾滴定液（0.01667mol/L）至蓝色刚好褪尽，立即加硫酸-磷酸-水（2∶3∶5）10ml与0.5%二苯胺磺酸钠溶液10滴，用重铬酸钾滴定液（0.01667mol/L）滴定至溶液显稳定的蓝紫色。每1ml重铬酸钾滴定液（0.01667mol/L）相当于5.585mg的铁（Fe）。

The iron (Fe) content of this product should be 40.0% to 55.0%.
本品含铁（Fe）应为40.0%～55.0%。

Prepared Slices 饮片

Pyrite 自然铜

Processing 炮制

Pyrite is purified by removing impurities, washing, and drying. Crush before use.
自然铜 除去杂质，洗净，干燥。用时砸碎。

Description 性状

Same as the crude drug.
同药材。

Calcined Pyrite 煅自然铜

Processing 炮制

Take purified pyrite, calcine it according to the calcination and quenching method <0213> until it is dark red, quench it with vinegar until the surface turns blackish-brown, the luster disappears, and it becomes crispy.
取净自然铜，照煅淬法（通则0213）煅至暗红，醋淬至表面呈黑褐色，光泽消失并酥松。

For every 100kg of pyrite, use 30kg of vinegar.
每100kg自然铜，用醋30kg。

Description 性状

This product is small cubic or irregular granules or powder, brownish-brown to blackish-brown or gray-black, without metallic luster. The texture is crispy. Slightly acidic odor.
本品为小立方体或不规则的碎粒或粉末状，呈棕褐色至黑褐色或灰黑色，无金属光泽。质酥脆。略有醋酸气。

Content Determination 含量测定

Same as the crude drug. The iron (Fe) content of this product should not be less than 40.0%.
同药材，本品含铁（Fe）不得少于40.0%。

Identification 鉴别

Same as the crude drug.
同药材。

Property 性

Neutral.
平。

Flavor 味

Pungent.
辛。

Meridian tropism 归经

Liver meridian.
归肝经。

Actions 功能

Dispels blood stasis and relieves pain, promotes the healing of tendons and bones.
散瘀止痛，续筋接骨。

Indications 主治

Used for contusions, fractures of tendons and bones, and pain and swelling caused by blood stasis.
用于跌打损伤，筋骨折伤，瘀肿疼痛。

Dosage 用量

3-9g. External use appropriate amount.
3～9g。外用适量。

Administration 用法

Mostly made into pills or powder for oral administration. If used in decoction, it is advisable to decoct it first.
多入丸散服，若入煎剂宜先煎。

Storage 贮藏

Place in a dry place.
置干燥处。

自然铜

Text reference: Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2015 Edition)
文本参考：《中国药典（2015年版）》

Overview 概述

Pyrite is a mineral of sulfides of pyrite group, containing mainly iron sulfide(FeS).The drug is collected, and removed from foreign matter.
本品为硫化物类矿物黄铁矿族黄铁矿，主含二硫化铁（FeS2）。采挖后，除去杂石。

Description 性状

Cube-like crystals, aggregated in dense masses, externally bright pale yellow, with lustre of metal, some yellowish-brown or dark brown, without lustre of metal.Streaks greenish-black or brownish-red.Texture heavy and hard or slightly fragile, easily broken.Fracture yellowish-white, with lustre of metal, or brown, with silvery sparkle.
本品晶形多为立方体，集合体呈致密块状。表面亮淡黄色，有金属光泽；有的黄棕色或棕褐色，无金属光泽。具条纹，条痕绿黑色或棕红色。体重，质坚硬或稍脆，易砸碎，断面黄白色，有金属光泽；或断面棕褐色，可见银白色亮星。

Identification 鉴别

To 1 g of the powder add 4 ml of dilute hydrochloric acid TS, shake and filter. The filtrate yields the reactions characteristic of ferric salts 〈0301〉.
取本品粉末1g，加稀盐酸4ml，振摇，滤过，滤液显铁盐（通则0301）的鉴别反应。

Prepared slices 饮片

Pyrite 自然铜

Processing 炮制

Eliminate foreign matter, wash clean, dry. Break to pieces before use.
除去杂质，洗净，干燥。用时砸碎。

Pyrite (calcined) 煅自然铜

Calcine the clean Pyrite as described under the method for calcining openly 〈0213〉 to dark red, quench with vinegar until the colour of the surface turns to blackish-brown, lustre disappears and the texture becomes loose.
取净自然铜，照煅淬法（通则0213）煅至暗红，醋淬至表面呈黑褐色，光泽消失并酥松。

Using 30 kg of vinegar per 100 kg of Pyrite.
每100kg自然铜，用醋30kg。

Property 性

Pungent.
辛。

Flavor 味

Neutral.
平。

Meridian tropism 归经

Liver meridian.
归肝经。

Actions 功能

To dissipate stasis, relieve pain, reconnect sinews and bones.
散瘀止痛，续筋接骨。

Indications 主治

Traumatic injuries, sinew injury and fracture, stasis, swelling and pain.
用于跌打损伤，筋骨折伤，瘀肿疼痛。

Dosage 用量

3-9 g.
3～9g。

Administration 用法

Usually used in pills or powder, and should be decocted first for decoction. Appropriate amount for topical application.
多入丸散服，若入煎剂宜先煎。外用适量。

Storage 贮藏

Preserve in a dry place.
置干燥处。