This product is the dried rootstock of the Polygonum bistorta L., a plant from the Polygonaceae family. It is harvested in early spring when buds sprout or in autumn when the stems and leaves are about to wilt. After harvesting, the dirt is removed, it is dried in the sun, and the fibrous roots are removed.
NMM ID | nmm-01nq |
Systematic Name | Bistorta officinalis Stem |
Systematic Chinese Name | 拳参茎（quán cān jīng） |
Generic Name | Quan-shen |
Generic Chinese Name | 拳参（quán cān） |
NMM Type | plant |
Species Origins | Bistorta officinalis | 拳参 |
Medicinal Parts | stem | 茎 |
Special Descriptions | |
Processing Methods | |
Systematic Name Explanation | This product is the dried rootstock of the Polygonum bistorta L., a plant from the Polygonaceae family. It is harvested in early spring when buds sprout or in autumn when the stems and leaves are about to wilt. After harvesting, the dirt is removed, it is dried in the sun, and the fibrous roots are removed. |
Generic Name Explanation | NMMGN follows the Chinese name of the relevant Chinese medicinal materials in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia: 2020 edition: Volume I. |
Parent NMM | |
Child NMMs | |
Creators | |
Reviewers |
拳参
English text reference: Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2020 Edition)
Overview
Bistort Rhizome is the dried rhizome of Polygonum bistorta L. (Fam. Polygonaceae). The drug is collected in spring when the sprouts begin to grow or in autumn when the stems and leaves wither, removed from mud and sand, dried in the sun, and the rootlets removed.
Description
Rhizomes long, cylindrical or slightly flattened, curved, some twisted, slightly pointed at both ends or tapering at one end, 6-13 cm long, 1-2.5 cm in diameter. Surface purplish-brown or purplish-black, rough, one side convex, the other side slightly flat or slightly grooved, with coarse annular wrinkles all over, with residual rootlets or root scars. Texture hard, fracture light brownish-red or reddish-brown, vascular bundles yellowish-white, arranged in rings. Odour, slight; taste, bitter and astringent.
Identification
(1)The powder is pale reddish-brown. Cork cells polygonal, containing reddish-brown substances. Calcium oxalate cluster crystals numerous, diameter 15-65 μm. Pitted vessels with bordered pits, diameter 20-55 μm, also with reticulate vessels and spiral vessels. Fibres elongated spindle-shaped, diameter 10-20 μm, thick-walled, lignified, with distinct pits. Starch granules single, elliptical, ovoid or nearly round, diameter 5-12 μm.
(2)To 0.5 g of the powder add 20 ml of methanol, treat with ultrasound for 15 minutes, filter, evaporate the filtrate to dryness, dissolve the residue in 5 ml of methanol as the test solution. Take 0.5 g of the reference drug of Bistort Rhizome, prepare the reference drug solution in the same manner. Take gallic acid CRS, add methanol to produce a solution containing 1 mg per ml as the Reference solution. Carry out the method for thin layer chromatography<0502>, using silica gel G as the coating substance and a mixture of dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and formic acid (5:4:1) as the mobile phase. Apply separately to the plate 5 μl of each of the above three solutions. After developing and removal of the plate, dry in air. Expose to ammonia vapour until the spots become clear. The spots in the chromatogram obtained with the test solution correspond in position and colour to the spots in the chromatograms obtained with the reference drug solution and the Reference solution.
Examination
Water
Not more than 15.0 per cent <0832,method 2>.
Total ash
Not more than 9.0 per cent <2302>.
Extractives
Carry out the method for determination of ethanol-soluble Extractives <2201,the cold maceration method>, using ethanol as the solvent,not less than 15.0 per cent.
Content determination
Carry out the method for high performance liquid chromatography<0512>.
Chromatographic conditions and system suitability test
Octadecylsilane-bonded silica gel was used as filler; 0.05% phosphoric acid methanol solution was used as mobile phase A, and 0.05% phosphoric acid solution was used as mobile phase B. Gradient elution was carried out according to the provisions in the following table; the detection wavelength was 272 nm. the theoretical plate counts should be not less than 6000 according to the calculation of gallic acid peak.
Preparation of reference solution
Take the appropriate amount of gallic acid control product, precision weighing, add 30% methanol to make a solution containing 20 μg per 1 ml, that is to obtain.
Preparation of test solution
Take the product powder (through the fifth sieve) about 0.25 g, precision weighing, placed in a stoppered conical flask, precision add 25ml of 30% methanol, tightly stoppered, weighed, immersed for 1 hour, ultrasonic treatment (power of 250 W, frequency of 45 kHz) for 20 minutes, cooled, and then weighed, with 30% methanol to make up for the loss of weight, shaking, filtration, and take the filtrate, that is, the product.
Assay method
Pipette 20 μl each of control solution and test solution, inject into the liquid chromatograph, and then determine, that is, obtain.
The content of gallic acid (C7H605) in the drug, calculated with reference to the dried drug, should not be less than 0.12%.
Prepared slices
Bistort Rhizome
Processing
Eliminate Foreign matter, wash clean, soak briefly, soften thoroughly, cut into thin slices, and dry.
Description
This product is in the form of thin tablets of round-like or nearly kidney-shaped. The outer skin is purple-brown or purple-black. The cut surface is brownish-red or light brownish-red, flat, with a ring of yellowish-white dots (vascular bundles) near the edge, with a slight odour and a bitter, astringent taste.
Identification
Same as the crude drug.
Examination
Same as the crude drug.
Extractives
Same as the crude drug.
Assay
Same as the crude drug.
Property
Slightly cold.
Flavor
Bitter and astringent.
Meridian tropism
Lung, liver, and large intestine meridians.
Actions
To clear heat, detoxify, reduce swelling, and stop bleeding.
Indications
Used for dysentery with fever and diarrhea, cough due to lung heat, carbuncles, swelling and lymphadenitis, oral and tongue sores, vomiting and nosebleed due to blood heat, bleeding hemorrhoids, and snake and insect bites.
Dosage
5-10 g. For external use, an appropriate amount.
Administration
None.
Storage
Preserve in a dry place.
拳参
Text reference: Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2015 Edition)
Overview
Bistort Rhizome is the dried rhizome of Polygonum bistorta L. (Fam. Polygonaceae). The drug is collected in early spring while the plant budding or in autumn just before withering, removed from soil, dried in the sun, and removed from the rootlet.
Description
Compressed slat-shaped or compressed cylindrical, curved, or even curled, both ends slightly sharp or tapering towards one end, 6-13 cm long, 1-2.5 cm in diameter. Externally purplish-brown or purplish-black, rough, prominent on one side and slightly even or slightly channelled on the other side, with dense and rough annulations throughout, and showing remains of rootlets or root scars. Texture hard, fracture pale brownish-red or brownish-red, vascular bundles yellowish-white and dotted, arranged in a ring. Odour, slight； taste, bitter and astringent
Identification
（2）取本品粉末0.5g，加甲醇20ml，超声处理15分钟，滤过，滤液蒸干，残渣加甲醇5ml使溶解，作为供试品溶液。另取拳参对照药材0.5g，同法制成对照药材溶液。再取没食子酸对照品，加甲醇制成每1ml含1mg的溶液，作为对照品溶液。照薄层色谱法（通则0502）试验，吸取上述三种溶液各5μl，分别点于同一硅胶G薄层板上，以二氯甲烷-乙酸乙酯-甲酸（5：4：1）为展开剂，展开，取出，晾干，置氨蒸气中熏至斑点显色清晰。供试品色谱中，在与对照药材色谱和对照品色谱相应的位置上，显相同颜色的斑点。
Examination
Water
Not more than 15.0 per cent <0832, method 2>.
Total ash
Not more than 9.0 per cent <2302>.
Extractives
Carry out the method for determination of ethanol-soluble Extractives <2201,the cold maceration method>, using ethanol as the solvent, not less than 15.0 per cent.
Assay
Carry out the method for high performance liquid chromatography<0512>.
色谱条件与系统适用性试验 以十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶为填充剂；以0.05%磷酸甲醇溶液为流动相A，以0.05%磷酸溶液为流动相B，按下表中的规定进行梯度洗脱；检测波长为272nm。理论板数按没食子酸峰计算应不低于6000。
时间（分钟）
流动相A（%）
流动相B（%）
0～7
10→5
90→95
7～15
5→18
95→82
15～20
18
82
供试品溶液的制备 取本品粉末（过五号筛）约0.25g，精密称定，置具塞锥形瓶中，精密加入30%甲醇25ml，密塞，称定重量，浸泡1小时，超声处理（功率250W，频率45kHz）20分钟，放冷，再称定重量，用30%甲醇补足减失的重量，摇匀，滤过，取续滤液，即得。
Reference solution Dissolve a quantity of gallic acid CRS, accurately weighed, in 30% methanol to prepare a solution containing 20 μg per ml.
Prepared slices
Bistort
Processing
Eliminate Foreign matter, wash clean, soak slightly, soften thoroughly, cut into thin slices and dry.
Property
Mild cold； bitter and astringent.
Flavor
Bitter and astringent.
Meridian tropism
Lung, liver and large intestine meridians.
Actions
To clean heat, remove toxin, relieve swelling, and stanch bleeding.
Indications
Dysentery with bloody stool, heat diarrhea cough caused by lung-heat, swelling abscess, scrofula, mouth and tongue sores, blood heat with hematemesis, hemorrhoids bleeding, bites of insect, worm or snake.
Dosage
5-10 g；Appropriate amount for topical application.
Storage
Preserve in a dry place.
This product is the dried rootstock of the Polygonum bistorta L., a plant from the Polygonaceae family. It is harvested in early spring when buds sprout or in autumn when the stems and leaves are about to wilt. After harvesting, the dirt is removed, it is dried in the sun, and the fibrous roots are removed.