This product is the dried bark, root bark, and branch bark of the Magnolia officinalis Rehd.et Wils. or Magnolia officinalis Rehd.et Wils.var.biloba Rehd.et Wils., plants from the Magnoliaceae family. The bark is harvested between April and June. The root and branch bark are dried directly in the shade; the bark is slightly boiled in boiling water, then placed in a damp, shady place. When the inner surface "sweats" and turns purple-brown or brown, it is steamed until soft, removed, rolled into a tube shape, and dried.
NMM ID | nmm-01h4 |
Systematic Name | Houpoea officinalis Bark-branch and Bark-root and Bark-trunk |
Systematic Chinese Name | 厚朴枝皮与根皮与干皮（hòu pò zhī pí yǔ gēn pí yǔ gàn pí） |
Generic Name | Hou-po |
Generic Chinese Name | 厚朴（hòu pò） |
Standardized Translation | Houpoea officinalis Bark-branch and Bark-root and Bark-trunk (NMM-01H4, Hou-po) |
Standardized Chinese Translation | 厚朴枝皮与根皮与干皮（NMM-01H4，厚朴） |
NMM Type | plant |
Species Origins | Houpoea officinalis | 厚朴 |
Medicinal Parts | bark branch | 枝皮andbark root | 根皮andbark trunk | 干皮 |
Special Descriptions | |
Processing Methods | |
Systematic Name Explanation | This product is the dried bark, root bark, and branch bark of the Magnolia officinalis Rehd.et Wils. or Magnolia officinalis Rehd.et Wils.var.biloba Rehd.et Wils., plants from the Magnoliaceae family. The bark is harvested between April and June. The root and branch bark are dried directly in the shade; the bark is slightly boiled in boiling water, then placed in a damp, shady place. When the inner surface "sweats" and turns purple-brown or brown, it is steamed until soft, removed, rolled into a tube shape, and dried. |
Generic Name Explanation | NMMGN follows the Chinese name of the relevant Chinese medicinal materials in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia: 2020 edition: Volume I. |
Parent NMM | |
Child NMMs | |
Creators | |
Reviewers |
厚朴
English text reference: *Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2020 Edition) *
Overview
Magnolia Bark is the dried bark of Magnolia officinalis Rehd.et Wils. or Magnolia officinalis Rehd.et Wils.var.biloba Rehd.et Wils. (Fam. Magnoliaceae). The bark is collected from April to June, removed from root bark and branch bark, and dried in the shade. The root bark and branch bark are dried directly, while the stem bark is boiled briefly in boiling water, then piled in a damp place until the inner surface turns purplish-brown or brownish-brown. It is then steamed until soft, taken out, rolled into a tube shape, and dried.
Description
Stem bark
Cylindrical or double-cylindrical, 30-35 cm long, 0.2-0.7 cm thick, commonly known as "tube magnolia"; the stem bark near the root end opens like a trumpet mouth, 13-25 cm long, 0.3-0.8 cm thick, commonly known as "boot tube magnolia". The outer surface is gray-brown or grayish-brown, rough, sometimes scaly, and easily peeled off. It has obvious elliptical pores and longitudinal wrinkles. The scraped bark appears yellow-brown. The inner surface is purplish-brown or dark purplish-brown, relatively smooth, with fine longitudinal lines, and shows oil traces when scratched. It is hard and not easily broken, with a granular fracture surface. The outer layer is gray-brown, and the inner layer is purplish-brown or brown, oily, and sometimes with numerous small bright spots. It has a fragrant odor, and tastes pungent and slightly bitter.
Root bark
Single-cylindrical or irregular block-like, some are curved like chicken intestines, commonly known as "chicken intestine magnolia". It is hard and relatively easy to break, with a fibrous fracture surface.
Branch bark
Single-cylindrical, 10-20 cm long, 0.1-0.2 cm thick. It is brittle and easily broken, with a fibrous fracture surface.
Identification
（1）Transverse section: The cork layer consists of more than 10 rows of cells; some may have a fallen bark layer. The outer side of the cortex has a ring of stone cells, and the inner side has scattered oil cells and groups of stone cells. The phloem rays are 1-3 cells wide, and there are numerous fiber bundles. There are also scattered oil cells.
Powder: Brown. There are many fibers, with a diameter of 15-32 μm and a very thick wall. Some fibers are wavy or serrated on one side, and they are lignified. The pits are not obvious. Stone cells are square, elliptical, oval, or irregularly branched, with a diameter of 11-65 μm, and sometimes with layered patterns. Oil cells are elliptical or nearly circular, with a diameter of 50-85 μm, containing yellow-brown oily substances.
（2）To 0.5 g of the powder add 5 ml of methanol, seal tightly, shake for 30 minutes, filter, and take the filtrate as the test solution. Take an appropriate amount of magnolol reference substance and honokiol reference substance, and add methanol to prepare a mixed solution containing 1 mg of each per ml as the reference solution. Perform the thin-layer chromatography test <0502> using silica gel G as the coating substance and a mixture of toluene and methanol (17: 1) as the mobile phase. Apply separately to the plate 5 μl of each of the above two solutions. After developing and removal of the plate, dry in air. Spray with a 1% solution of vanillin in sulfuric acid at 100 °C until the spots are clearly visible. The chromatogram obtained with the test solution should have spots of the same color at corresponding positions as the chromatogram obtained with the reference solution.
检查 ｜ Examination
Water
Not more than 15.0 per cent <0832, method 4>.
Total ash
Not more than 7.0 per cent <2302>.
Acid-insoluble ash
Not more than 3.0 per cent <2302>.
Assay
Carry out the method for high performance liquid chromatography <0512>.
Chromatographic conditions and system suitability test
Use octadecylsilane-bonded silica gel as the filler; use methanol-water (78: 22) as the mobile phase; detect at a wavelength of 294 nm. The theoretical plate number calculated based on the peak of magnolol should not be less than 3800.
Preparation of reference solution
Take an appropriate amount of magnolol reference substance and honokiol reference substance, accurately weigh, and add methanol to prepare a solution containing 40 μg of magnolol and 24 μg of honokiol per ml.
Preparation of test solution
Take about 0.2 g of the powder (passed through a No. 3 sieve), accurately weigh, place it in a stoppered conical flask, accurately add 25 ml of methanol, shake well, seal tightly, soak for 24 hours, filter, accurately take 5 ml of the subsequent filtrate, place it in a 25 ml volumetric flask, add methanol to the mark, shake well, and obtain the test solution.
Assay method
Accurately aspirate 4 μl of each of the above two reference solutions and 3-5 μl of the test solution into the liquid chromatograph for determination.
Calculated on the dried product, the total content of magnolol (C18H18O2) and honokiol (C18H18O2) should not be less than 2.0%.
Prepared slices
Magnolia Bark
Processing
Remove the coarse bark, wash it clean, soak it until it is moist, cut it into shreds, and dry it.
性状 ｜ Description
In curved, singly or doubly quilled slivers. Outer surface greyish-brown, sometimes elliptical lenticels and longitudinal wrinkles visible. Inner surface purplish-brown or dark purplish-brown, relatively smooth, with fine and dense longitudinal striations, and exhibiting oily trace on scratching. Cut surface granular, oily, sometimes small bright spots visible. Odour, aromatic; taste, pungent and slightly bitter.
Examination
Water
Not more than 10.0 per cent, following the method for the crude drug.
Total ash
Not more than 5.0 per cent, following the method for the crude drug.
Acid-insoluble ash
As required for the crude drug.
Identification
As required for the crude drug except for the transverse section.
含量测定 ｜ Assay
As required for the crude drug.
姜厚朴 ｜ Magnoliae officinalis Cortex (baked with ginger)
炮制 ｜ Processing
Stir-bake the slivers of Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex as described under the method for stir-baking with ginger juice <0213> to dryness.
性状 ｜ Description
As described for slivers of Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex under Processing Externally greyish-brown, occasionally charred stains visible. Slightly gingery odour.
Examination
Water
Not more than 10.0 per cent, following the method for the crude drug.
Total ash
Not more than 5.0 per cent, following the method for the crude drug.
Acid-insoluble ash
As required for the crude drug.
含量测定 ｜ Assay
It contains not less man 1.6 per cent of the total amount of magnolol (C18H18O2) and honokiol (C18H18O2), following the method for the crude drug.
Identification
As required for the crude drug except for the transverse section.
Property
Warm.
Flavor
Bitter and pungent.
Meridian tropism
Spleen, stomach, lung, and large intestine meridians.
Actions
To dry dampness, resolve phlegm, and relieve qi stagnation.
Indications
Used for dampness obstruction in the middle energizer, epigastric distension and fullness, vomiting and diarrhea, food stagnation and qi stagnation, abdominal distension and constipation, phlegm retention and cough.
Dosage
3-10 g.
用法 ｜ Administration
None.
Storage
Preserve in a well-ventilated and dry place.
厚朴
Text reference: Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2015 Edition)
Overview
Officinal Magnolia Bark is the dried stem bark, root bark or branch bark of Magnolia officinalis Rehd. et Wils. or Magnolia officinalis Rehd. et Wils. var. biloba Rehd. et Wils. (Fam. Magnoliaceae). The drug is collected from April to June. The root bark and the branch bark are dried in the shade. The stem bark is slightly decocted in boiling water and piled up in a wet place until its inner surface purplish-brown or dark brown, softened by steaming, rolled and dried.
Description
Stem bark Quilled singly or double quilled, 30-35 cm long, 2-7 mm thick, commonly known as "Tongpo"; stem bark near the root with one end spread out like a bell, 13-25 cm long, 3-8 mm thick, commonly known as "Xuetongpo". Outer surface greyish-brown, rough, sometimes scaly, easily exfoliated, with distinct elliptical lenticels and longitudinal wrinkles, appearing yellowish-brown when the coarse bark peeled; inner surface purplish-brown or dark purplish-brown, relatively smooth, with fine and dense longitudinal striations, and exhibiting oily trace on scratching. Texture hard, uneasily broken, fracture granular, greyish-brown in the outer layer and purplish-brown or brown in the inner layer, oily, sometimes numerous small bright spots visible. Odour, aromatic; taste, pungent and slightly bitter.
Identification
（2） 取本品粉末0.5g，加甲醇5ml，密塞，振摇30分钟，滤过，取滤液作为供试品溶液。另取厚朴酚对照品、和厚朴酚对照品，加甲醇制成每1ml各含1mg的混合溶液，作为对照品溶液。照薄层色谱法（通则0502）试验，吸取上述两种溶液各5μl，分别点于同一硅胶G薄层板上，以甲苯-甲醇（17：1）为展开剂，展开，取出，晾干，喷以1%香草醛硫酸溶液，在100℃加热至斑点显色清晰。供试品色谱中，在与对照品色谱相应的位置上，显相同颜色的斑点。
Examination
Water
Not more than 15.0 per cent <0832, method 4>.
Total ash
Not more than 7.0 per cent <2302>.
Acid-insoluble ash
Not more than 3.0 per cent <2302>.
Assay
Carry out the method for high performance liquid chromatography <0512>.
Prepared slices
Officinal Magnolia Bark
Processing
Scrape off the coarse bark, wash clean, soften thoroughly, cut into slivers, and dry.
In curved, singly or doubly quilled slivers. Outer surface greyish-brown, sometimes elliptical lenticels and longitudinal wrinkles visible. Inner surface purplish-brown or dark purplish-brown, relatively smooth, with fine and dense longitudinal striations, and exhibiting oily trace on scratching. Cut surface granular, oily, sometimes small bright spots visible. Odour, aromatic; taste, pungent and slightly bitter.
Examination
Water
Not more than 10.0 per cent, following the method for the crude drug.
Total ash
Not more than 5.0 per cent, following the method for the crude drug.
Identification
As required for the crude drug except for the transverse section.
Examination
As required for the crude drug.
Assay
As required for the crude drug.
Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex (baked with ginger)
Stir-bake the slivers of Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex as described under the method for stir-baking with ginger juice <0213> to dryness.
Examination
Water
Not more than 10.0 per cent, following the method for the crude drug.
Total ash
Not more than 5.0 per cent, following the method for the crude drug.
Assay
It contains not less than 1.6 per cent of the total amount of magnolol (CHO) and honokiol (CHO), following the method for the crude drug.
Identification
As required for the crude drug except for the transverse section.
Property and Flavor
Warm; bitter, pungent. Spleen, stomach, lung and large intestine meridians.
Actions and Indications
To dry dampness, resolve phlegm, direct qi downward, and disperse fullness. Dampness stagnation damaging the middle, epigastric stuffiness, vomiting, diarrhea, food retention, qi stagnation, abdominal distension, constipation, and wheezing and cough caused by phlegm-fluid retention.
Administration and dosage
3-10 g.
Storage
Preserve in a ventilated and dry place.
Plant Source
This product is the dried bark, root bark, and branch bark of Magnolia officinalis Rehd. et Wils. or Magnolia officinalis Rehd. et Wils. var. biloba Rehd. et Wils., plants from the Magnoliaceae family.
Collection and Processing
The bark is harvested between April and June. The root and branch bark are dried directly in the shade; the trunk bark is slightly boiled in boiling water, then piled in a damp, shady place. When the inner surface "sweats" and turns purple-brown or brown, it is steamed until soft, removed, rolled into a tube shape, and dried.